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I would guess that the skill distribution of licensed pilots is asymmetrical, if only because the tail end of bad pilots are not allowed to fly.


Imagine a climate innovator that is selling stock worth $1 billion based on expected returns. That stock can be expected to sell for $1 billion, and no more, even if $0.5 billion of that comes from altruistic investors. The altruistic investors can't drive up the price - as long as money from amoral investors is needed, the amoral investors are the price setters, because they won't pay more than what they think the expected returns are worth. They will step aside as the altruistic investors move in. The altruistic investors would do better to just invest for maximum returns and donate money.

Note, I don't act according to this advice: I'm invested in sustainable funds despite my own arguments. But I don't expect this to go very far, so I'm also donating to appropriate causes.


Your argument works well if we are talking about easily quantifiable assets like a wind farm where you can estimate annual returns for the next 20 years.

It falls flat when we are talking about genuine inventions and new technologies, where the greater the investment, the faster it can scaled and the more it can be developed/refined. It is not possible, in such case, to say that a specific opportunity is worth $1 billion, just like, as the point of raising the seed round you can't know what will be the valuation at IPO


You're speaking as if love and hate should cancel out, like weights balancing. But having a love/hate understanding of a person is extremely common. If I were teaching a person who could not understand both (such as a young child) I would start with only the good things about Washington, because that's more accurate if you absolutely had to choose. But, we're all adults here.


I said this to a blue-check journalist (Max Rosenthal) on Twitter, and he mocked me for it. But I still think it's true. The name BuzzFeed is just not helpful.


If they thought about the trade-off that way, sure, but people have a desire not to feel "taken advantage of", a feeling which might be triggered by road tolls.


To put numbers on this, a typical approximation for bond energy as a function of stretch would be E = 500x^2, where x is the stretch in Angstroms and E is the energy change in units of thermal noise at room temperature (about 0.6 kcal/mol). A bond length deviation of 0.01 Angstroms is already negligible, because its associated stretch energy is far below thermal fluctuation levels. Parts per billion are totally invisible.


That is a fascinating story. It makes fictional countries based on hidden mines, like Wakanda, seem much more plausible.


Barefoot squatting is safe and easy compared to barefoot running. Running imposes stresses of 3x body weight, which is a lot more than most people can squat. As a person who got a runner's fracture using barefoot-style footwear, I still use them for weightlifting because the added control is important there and the forces are actually less.


People with running shoes tend to heel-strike increasing the amount of force dissipated into your joints. People who run barefoot tend to forefoot-strike, distributing a lot more of the impact into the calf muscle instead. The calf is also naturally springier than the cartilage, which makes it easier to run also -- and calf muscle grows back, cartilage much less so.


My runner's fracture is in the forefoot, just where I was supposed to land. Take my word for it, it's not a complete protection. I agree that you don't want a whole lot of foam between you and the ground under any circumstances, but you can run with good form in many kinds of shoes.


Runner's fractures in the fore-foot were something that came up when I was researching running with toe-shoes. You're definitely right that it's a risk. I've heard of it mostly happening when people don't ramp up slowly, as bones, like muscles, become stronger when you use them [1].

Switching to Vibrams and then running further and harder than usual may well cause stress fractures, though I think that has to do with the changeover from cushioned shoes, not intrinsic to the shoe or running style -- it's common for many folks in Latin America and Africa to run barefoot by default without higher incidence of fractures.

[1] http://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/bonehealth/conditioni...


Chuck Tees are the official squat shoe. Anything else is blasphemous.


https://www.roguecanada.ca/adidas-powerlift-4-mens-core-blac...

While you wanna dead in low heel, hard sole shoes, I find that an elevated heel helps with depth, and that's not blasphemy, that's personal preference.


I have a pair of Nike Romaleo’s that are collecting dust. Can’t imagine ever wearing them again. I miss the feeling of the hard sole doing cleans but the toe box is just so tight.

I would definitely not do deadlifts with an elevated heel. If you struggle with depth, I would address that muscle tightness issue.


Adidas? You serious? Why?

No on elevated. Definitely not lifting heavy then.


You have no idea what you're talking about.

Look at these pictures: https://9for9media.com/10-burning-powerlifting-questions-201...

With the exception of Ray, everyone is squatting wearing shoes with a lifted heel.


It’s a common lifting joke, you nerd

This is I what I get? Look, guy, you need a little heel height if you got some messed up rusty hips, stiff ankles, or some mobility problem. I’m not like that.

If you really think you have to wear a little higher heel because it makes your numbers better, then yeah, I suppose I forgot I'm on HN


I showed a link of some of the best people in the world squatting, but you're like "nah, I'm better than that". Well, all right then.


You don’t even know why people wear those shoes in the first place

You’re just looking at pictures


Good pivot.


Race performance measures talent + training. Inasmuch as optimal training for women is less understood than for men, they may have room to improve that doesn't show up in race times. Talent at race time is also socially dependent, because it depends on recruiting, and female athletes may be less likely to be discovered.

These factors came together in the 1970s to produce a rapid improvement in women's marathon times, while no corresponding drop happened for men's times. While they never caught up to men's, the women's record in 1985 was better than the men's record in 1950.


I see, so it's less about a growing body of evidence and more about women training better and improving their times. I'm very interested to see whether they will get as good as/better than men in some sports.


The book that led to the runner's fracture in my left foot. Note to future readers who tend to overdo things: we may be born to run, but not on concrete.


I came to this conclusion after trying to run in Vivo Barefoot shoes on tarmac (thankfully without the extra prompt of an injury). The technique he describes - avoiding heel strike and running on the balls of your feet to allow your Achilles tendon / calf to provide spring - is a good one, but it's just as effective in cushioned running shoes. I do wish running shoes had wider toe boxes like the Vivo ones though.


Check out the Lems Primal, or maybe the offerings from Xero shoes.

From my personal opinions, people getting fractures from running barefoot likely need to change diet and running gait even more then they thought. I've personally adopted bone broth as a daily staple to my diet and I credit it with feeling fully recovered after my first 24hr race within 2 days.


That's where Altra's come in. Wide toe box, zero drop, but cushioned.


Thanks, will take a look.


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