Maybe I'm really dumb, but it should be obvious that replacing a section of rope in one knot with another, is intuitively not going to simply "add the unknotting numbers"
Yup. I've had lots of intuitions for things, only to discover there was a very non-intuitive theorem conclusively proving my intuition wrong.
So much of math and physics is discovering these beautiful, surprisingly non-intuitive things.
And this fits right in that pattern -- it seems intuitive that it wouldn't be true, but nobody's been able to find a counterexample. So it's yet another counterintuitive result that math is built on. Not proven, but statistically robust.
Which is what makes it great when somebody does ten years of work in simulating knots so a counterexample can be found.
Which doesn't even confirm the original intuition, because there are still so many cases where the rule holds. Whereas our intuition would have assumed a counterexample would have been easy to find, and it wasn't.
My understanding of knot theory is limited to having watched a few YouTube videos and reading the first introductory chapters of a book. A neat topic, but not one I'm going to dig too deeply into.
You're the second person to mention dwitter.net, now I feel like I have to... Got a busy week coming up but when I have more downtime I'll join and share!
Remember "The Zen of Code Optimization" by Michael Abrash in the 90s?
This word count challenge was the first one he described.
The table driven approach was discussed, but was not necessarily the fastest due to the large cache overflowing (on 90s processors) table needed.
I used the same example in a chapter I wrote for a C++ book