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I'm genuinely curious, and I know this can get political quickly, but I mean this in good faith. The wealth that people like Bezos or Musk have—did it only come into existence because they created their companies? In other words, if they had never been born or chosen a different path, their wealth wouldn't simply be redistributed among others, right? The world would just have less overall wealth, roughly equal to their net worth. Is that correct?


There are a lot of ideological assumptions underlying the very concept of wealth creation, but even if you buy into those I don't think that statement is true. Bezos could only be responsible for creating the difference between him and the hypothetical other most wealth creating possibilities, and there is no reason that difference couldn't be negative.

Jonas Salk, inventor of the Polio vaccine, chose not to patent his creation or seek any profit from it. Imagine the alternative where Jonas Salk patents the Polio vaccine, sells each dose for the profit maximizing price, and becomes one of the wealthiest people in the world. Which scenario led to more overall wealth?


I wish the article dug in to the role that unionized labor plays in the productivity of US ports.


I have an iPad and use notability for this. I have a 350 page note that's filled with to-dos, doodles, screenshots of quotes, etc. I love being able to just scroll up endlessly to see what I was thinking about or working on, all in chronological order.


I started learning to code this year, and I keep thinking that I would have thrown in the towel if not for ChatGPT. For better or for worse.

The big difference for me is being able to struggle right up until I'm ready to give up, and then ask ChatGPT for insight. Usually my issue is a syntax one, and I have the concepts down (i.e. I was right to solve it using nested if statements, but I forgot I need to put a variable outside a function, for example). This way I get that dopamine hit of being mostly right, and quick feedback on what I need to improve. If not for ChatGPT, I'd be left feeling like I just failed entirely and I'm not getting it at all, which I don't think is the case.

I think the same experience would be achieved with a good teacher, but then I'd need my schedule to overlap, and the feedback on problems would still be often be delayed instead of instant.


Using ChatCPT to help you after you have been stuck and struggled would be equivalent to asking a senior. A senior might hallucinate an answer too, but either way you will get pointed in a generally useful direction. That’s usually all it takes

But as a senior, I can’t imagine using an LLM at this stage for solving anything meaningfully complex.


A friend of mine in a senior role uses it all the time and says it 2-3x'd their productivity. He architects everything using experience but simple but time-consuming sub-routines are done via an LLM. He also uses it to create tests for his code and is quite happy with how it performs in these areas.


What language does he program in? ChatGPT and CoPilot have increased my productivity, sure, but I don't know if they've multiplied it by 2, and definitely not 3. I mostly program in Rust, and while they are good, they still often produce things that don't compile. Iterating back and forth to get something that works takes time, and it feels to me like sometimes doing it alone would've been almost as quick.

I could possibly be way off in my estimations, though. A true comparison would be having me do a task with and without it, but of course once I've done it once, the next time I will do it faster.


They use CoPilot integrated into their IDE and mostly program with Kotlin.


The big thing it's helped me with (also learning) is that my learning style is, after reading a new concept or thinking I get it, imagining fringe/edge cases, and trying to understand the battery limits of the concept and how it fits in with others to ensure I'm comfortable. I'm not explaining this well, but "what's the difference between this method and the one I learnt 3 chapters ago, they seem really similar. Why would I use one over the other, and why is there a need for both to exist?" would be a good example.

Without ChatGPT I'd just ensure I got an exercise right, and move on, half cloudy and uncertain in my understanding. The static content on Codecademy obviously doesn't explain that when first teaching you, but ChatGPT allows you to do ANY such comparison, and explains things exactly as you asked them, complete with demonstration code blocks and said fringe/examples where, in the above example, one method or the other would break or be suboptimal.


I second this recommendation. It's a wonderful book. There are many fascinating tidbits in here that makes you really appreciate the importance of being able manipulate materials with precision. It's easy to take this for granted today, but it's critical to basically every technology we enjoy.


I agree. I happen to sell the same things on my (pretty good!) Shopify store as well as on Amazon. Amazon outsells about 2000:1. The reason why is simple -- it's traffic. If you can get traffic on your own, say with a giant social following or TV presence, then owning your platform probably does make sense. Otherwise go to where your customers are. It's like the old retailers' saying: "Location, Location, Location."


Are they though?


Does anyone know how this fits with (or not) Chomsky's ideas of language processing?


    |-----long timing loop / top of parse tree-----|
    |                                              |
    |-shorter / child node -|                      |-shorter / child node-|
    |                       |                      |                      |
    |highest freq|          |highest freq|         |highest freq|         |highest freq|


Similarly, ChatGPT (gpt2-medium) has 12 heads of attention. GPT-3 has 96.


I don't know how superimposed waves in finely tuned timing loops with non-linear interference translates into heads of attention, and honestly I suspect a lot of the things difficult to do with heads of attention (and other approaches of the past) come for free in a resonance based system.


the idea that some linguistic facilities are innate? or the government binding model of grammar or something else?

for the first two, I think this orthogonal


What are Chomsky's ideas on language processing? He's a linguist, not an NLP person.


I get the sense that Chomsky didn't actually test his examples ChatGPT before declaring that it can't handle them.


I started out reading the article thinking the author was going to say that it's all vaporware, but he doesn't at all.


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