This requires asking for a specific number of license seats for your open source project and that's impossible to work with. Every possible user account/contributor takes up a license. How many contributors will I have tomorrow? Don't know. How many spam accounts will I have that waste license seats? Too many, and they're impossible to clean up.
"Core" is the free community edition. The others are not open source/free and require payment.
Core is plenty for most use cases. That table makes it look like it has almost no features, but most items in the list are either advanced or pretty niche.
According to their pricing page: "We provide free Gold and Ultimate licenses to qualifying open source projects and educational institutions. Find out more by visiting our GitLab for Open Source and GitLab for Education program pages."
I'm sure Wikimedia has the dosh to pay for licenses themselves, but it's hard to see how the per/user pricing model would work for any open source project.
No, Wikimedia is going to be using the Community Edition (CE) of GitLab, which is free and open source under an MIT license. This decision and the reasons for it are described in more detail in the FAQ section of the linked article.
That's correct - with the GitLab Enterprise Edition you can self-host GitLab and get access to all of the features - both those from the Core open source version as well as our proprietary features.