There isn't, because there is no true legalized prostitution (Germany comes close). The "Nordic Model" only partially decriminalizes sex work (and criminalizes sale), and has resulted in raids and poor working conditions for sex workers. Full legalization, including for auxiliary services like a brothel, would allow workers to organize and improve working conditions, therefore rendering trafficking a moot point as they would have to compete with institutions with good reputation.

We already reach similar conclusions with issues pertaining to hard drugs and mob control, but somehow things would be magically different with prostitution. For instance we know that legalization of certain previously prohibited substances has not eradicated mob control overnight, and in some cases they may have increased profits in the early stages as the market has not structurally changed much. As people move to govt-regulated substances, the narcos lose out.

Is your criticism on Germany that the licensed and regulated framework creates a separate illegal tier?

Or that municipalities in Germany can more strictly outlaw it anyway?

Something else?

Legalization puts barriers in place for sex workers, especially vulnerable ones and creates the illegal tier / market. Full decriminalization is the safest option for workers as they are all equal under the law regardless if they have registered.

You're advocating for the Nordic Model, which was a colossal failure. Sex workers have no protections, they're harassed by police, evicted, etc. Legalization opens the path to regulation and protection that otherwise isn't afforded.

The 'illegal tier' already exists, it's a farce to suggest that legalization "creates" it.

I’m advocating for full decriminalization of both buying and selling not the Nordic Model.

yes, this is a flaw in some legalization regulations. but only decriminalized lacks any consumer protection. I agree with you about optional registration, as least then consumers would have a choice about assurances of certain aspects.

On this topic, it's important to recognize that the fact that the crime of human trafficking exists and needs to be combatted doesn't change the fact that criminalizing the consensual buying and selling of sex is a violation of human rights.

There is plausible evidence that's the case: https://orgs.law.harvard.edu/lids/2014/06/12/does-legalized-...

However, I don't think it's right to use that evidence to shut down discussion. We should use it as a data point on how to strike the best balance between protecting sex workers and preventing trafficking.