> that’s one of the things IP got right: it doesn’t really match OSI layering, and does cut through layers when it makes sense.
It doesn't implement the OSI layering model, in other words, even if you can almost make that model fit if you ignore the top couple layers and handwave vigorously the rest of the time.
If you look, you can find a four-layer or five-layer TCP/IP model, but RFC 3439 has a section titled "Layering Considered Harmful" and it's clear that the IETF doesn't always think in terms of layers.
It doesn't implement the OSI layering model, in other words, even if you can almost make that model fit if you ignore the top couple layers and handwave vigorously the rest of the time.
If you look, you can find a four-layer or five-layer TCP/IP model, but RFC 3439 has a section titled "Layering Considered Harmful" and it's clear that the IETF doesn't always think in terms of layers.
https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc3439
Of course, none of that stops the Seven-Layer Model (blessed be its name) from being perpetuated as if it were an absolute.