I'm sorry but you are wrong. Russia is the only country that I know of that does not follow "common understanding" of insider trading

Do you ever bother reading?

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insider_trading#Legal_differen...

> The principle is that it is illegal to trade on the basis of market-sensitive information that is not generally known. This is a much broader scope than under U.S. law. The key differences from U.S. law are that no relationship to either the issuer of the security or the tipster is required; all that is required is that the guilty party traded (or caused trading) whilst having inside information

What if the plane is in the middle, over the Atlantic?

My guess is it is based on where you order the execution of trades. That is physical location of either exchange or your broker.