I have no idea who put it there, but I can assure you the actual paper contains no such nonsense.
I would have thought whoever writes the google tech blogs is more competent than bottom tier science journalists. But in this case I think it is more reasonable to assume malice, as the post is authored by the Google Quantum AI Lead, and makes more sense as hype-boosting buzzword bullshit than as an honest misunderstanding that was not caught during editing.
There are compelling arguments to believe in the many-worlds interpretation.
No sign of a Heisenberg cut has been observed so far, even as experiments involving entanglement of larger and larger molecules are performed, which makes objective-collapse theories hard to consider seriously.
Bohmian theories are nice, but require awkward adjustments to reconcile them with relativity. But more importantly, they are philosophically uneconomical, requiring many unobservable — even theoretically — entities [0].
That leaves either many-worlds or a quantum logic/quantum Bayesian interpretations as serious contenders [1]. These interpretations aren't crank fringe nonsense. They are almost inevitable outcomes of seriously considering the implications of the theory.
I will say that personally, I find many-worlds to focus excessively on the Schrödinger-picture pure state formulation of quantum mechanics. (At least to the level that I understood it — I expect there is literature on the connection with algebraic formulations, but I haven't taken the time to understand it.) So I would lean towards quantum logic–type interpretations myself.
The point of this comment was to say that many-worlds (or "multiverses", though I dislike the term) isn't nonsense. But it also isn't exactly the kind of sci-fi thing non-physicists might picture. Given how easy it is to misinterpret the term, however, I must agree with you that a self-aware science communicator would think twice about whether the term should be included, and that there may be not-so-scrupulous intentions at play here.
Quick edit: I realise the comment I've written is very technical. I'm happy to try to answer any questions. I should preface it by stating that I'm not a professional in the field, but I studied quantum information theory at a Masters level, and always found the philosophical questions of interest.
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[0] Many people seem to believe that many-worlds also postulates the existence of unobservable parallel universes, but this isn't true. We observe the interaction of these universe's every time we observe quantum interference.
While we're here, we can clear up the misconception about "branching" — there is no branching in many-worlds, just the coherent evolution of the universal wave function. The many worlds are projections out of that wave function. They don't discretely separate from one another, either — it depends on your choice of basis. That choice is where decoherence comes in.
[1] And of course, there is the Copenhagen "interpretation" — preferred among physicists who would rather not think about philosophy. (A respectable choice.)
I think the key point that makes the quoted statement sciencey gibberish is that the Many Worlds Interpretation is just that - an interpretation. There is no way to prove or disprove it (except if you proved that the world is not actually quantum mechanical, in which case MWI might not be a valid interpretation of the new theory). Saying "this is more evidence for MWI" is thus true of any quantum mechanical experiment, but anything that is evidence for MWI is also exactly as much evidence for Pilot Waves (well, assuming it is possible to reconcile with quantum field theory), the Copenhagen Interpretation, QBism, and so on.
As a side note, there is still a huge gap between the largest system we've ever observed in a superposition and the smallest system we've ever observed to behave only classically. So there is still a lot of room for objective collapse theories, even though that space has shrunk by some orders of magnitude since it was first proposed. Of course, objective collapse has other, much bigger, problems, such as being incompatible with Bell's inequalities.
Edit: I'd also note some things about MWI. First, there are many versions of it, some historical, some current. Some versions, at least older ones, absolutely did involve explicit branching. And the ones that don't have a big problem still with explaining why, out of the many ways to choose the basis vectors for a measurement, we always end up with the same classical measurables in every experiment we perform on the world at large. Especially given that we know we can measure quantum systems in another other basis if we want to. It also ultimately doesn't answer the question of why we need the Born rule at all, it still postulates that an observer only has access to one possible value of the wave function and not to all at once. And of course, the problem of defining probabilities in a world where everything happens with probability 1 is another philosophically thorny issue, especially when you need the probabilities to match the amplitude of the wave function.
So the MWI is nice, and it did spawn a very useful and measurable observation, decoherence. But it's far from a single, satisfying, complete, self-consistent account of the world.
This would be true if we were talking about something like String Theory, or Loop Quantum Gravity.
But it is not true for MWI: MWI was designed from the ground up as an interpretation of the mathematics and experimental results of quantum mechanics.
It is designed specifically to not match all of the predictions of quantum mechanics, and to not make any new predictions. Other interpretations are also designed in the same way.
So, if the people creating these interpretations succeeded in their goals when making them, then they will never be experimentally verifiable.
I think the point about it being unscientific is completely fair, as far as a press release aiming to appear scientific is concerned.
However, I also think there is a tendency among well-educated people in physics to dismiss philosophical questions out of hand. It's fair enough when the point is "let's focus on the physics as it's hard enough", but questions of interpretation have merit in their own right.
MWI or Parallel Worlds is an interpretation of QM, it is one of the 15-20 major interpretations of QM. Nothing at all wrong with MWI. Sean Carrol speaks kindly towards WMI and I have tended to agree with his views over the years. I don't see any wild claims being made that would warrant a major reaction, but I would agree Willow's results are so impressive that it should lead one to consider at minimum that it counts as evidence in favor of the WMI. I don't see how this doesn't count as evidence for MWI.
Thank you for this clarification -- for me it addresses a good part of the crank/fringe/sci-fi aspect
> While we're here, we can clear up the misconception about "branching" — there is no branching in many-worlds, just the coherent evolution of the universal wave function. The many worlds are projections out of that wave function.
That's right, I agree that Multiple Worlds isn't any less correct/falsifiable than quantum mechanics as a whole.
I've never heard about quantum logic before. The "Bayesian" part makes sense because of how it treats the statistics, but the logic? Is that what quantum computer scientists do with their quantum circuits, or is it an actual interpretation?
"Many-world interpretation" is just a religion, it has nothing to do with physics. Pilot Wave is an example of a physical theory, Copenhagen is an administrative agreement.
I'm pretty sure pilot wave is the same kind of unfalsifiable interpretation of the experimental results that MWI is. Also I think people are making too big a deal out of the comment in the article. I took it as kind of tongue-in-cheek. An expert would know MWI is unfalsifiable and inconsequential.
I'm sure they meant it refutes pilot-wave theory, though it seems that's not precisely true if you consider a non-local hidden variable to explain instantaneous interaction.
Quantum computation done in done multiple universes is the explanation given by David Deutsch the father of Quantum Computing. He invented the idea of a quantum computer to test the idea of parallel universes.
If you are okay with a single universe coming to existence out of nothing you should be able to handle parallel universes as well just fine.
Also your comment does not have any useful information. You assumed hype as the reason why they mentioned parallel computing. It's just a bias you have on looking at world. Hype does helps explain a lot of things. So it can be tempting to use it as a placeholder for anything that you don't accept based on your current set of beliefs.
I disagree that it is "the best explanation we have". It's a nice theory, but like all theories in quantum foundations / interpretations of quantum mechanics, it is (at least currently) unfalsifiable.
I didn't "assume" hype, I hypothesized it based on the evidence before me: There is nothing in Google's paper that deals with interpretations of quantum mechanics. This only appears in the blog post, with no evidence given. And there is nothing google is doing with it's quantum chip that would discriminate between interpretations of QM, so it is simply false that "It lends credence to ... parallel universes" over another interpretation.
From what I understand, David Deutsch invented the idea of quantum computer as a way to test Parallel Universes. And later people went on and built the quantum computer. Are you saying that the implementation of a quantum computer does not require any kind of assumption on computations being run in parallel universes?
It's just not how it works. All this type of quantum computer can do is test some of the more dubious objective collapse theories. Those are wrong anyway, so all theories that are still in the running agree.
> If you are okay with a single universe coming to existence out of nothing you should be able to handle parallel universes as well just fine.
I can handle it, sure, and the idea of the multiverse is attractive to me from a philosophical standpoint.
But we have no evidence that there are any other universes out there, while we do have plenty of evidence that our own exists. Just because one of something exists, it doesn't automatically follow that there are others.
I believe their point was that, if you accept the reality of _this_ universe being created from nothing, why wouldn't you also accept the notion of _other_ universes similarly existing too.
I can get on board with that: that there may be other, distinct universes, but I do not understand how this would lead to the suggestion they would be necessarily linked together with quantum effects.
Disagree with that. The fact that we reasonably accept a well-proven theory (ie the observed universe exists) that has some unexplained parts (we don't currently have a reasonable explanation for where does that universe comes from) doesn't mean that we should therefore accept any unproven theory, especially a unfalsifiable one.
Presumably the 'nonsense' is the supposed link between the chip and MW theory.
Let me add a recommendation for David Wallace's book The Emergent Multiverse - a highly persuasive account of 'quantum theory according to the Everett Interpretation'. Aside from the technical chapters, much of it is comprehensible to non-physicists. It seems that adherents to MW do 'not know how to refute an incredulous stare'. (From a quotation)
I have no idea who put it there, but I can assure you the actual paper contains no such nonsense.
I would have thought whoever writes the google tech blogs is more competent than bottom tier science journalists. But in this case I think it is more reasonable to assume malice, as the post is authored by the Google Quantum AI Lead, and makes more sense as hype-boosting buzzword bullshit than as an honest misunderstanding that was not caught during editing.